Titlebook: Viruses and the Environment; J. I. Cooper Book 1995Latest edition J.I. Cooper 1995 animals.biology.gene therapy.invertebrates.molecular bi

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enflame

virustaxonomy are used toemphasise the features shared between viruses inplants, animals andbacteria. This is the only book of its type whichcovers viruses inall forms of life.978-0-412-45120-1978-94-011-0011-3

Ringworm

Exposure to viruses and some consequences,equent (Cooper, 1993). Furthermore, angiosperm parasites such as dodders (. spp.) which graft themselves on to other plants are known to be able to inoculate simultaneously a range of viruses, including several which do not replicate in the dodder en route (Bennett, 1967a).

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Viruses associated with invertebrates,Furthermore, some evidence suggests that endoparasitic wasps (Hymenoptera) transmit insect pathogenic ascoviruses (Govindarajan and Frederici, 1990) and conceivably are thereby responsible for pest suppression where insecticidal chemicals (which would incidentally kill the vector wasps) are not used

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Viruses and the terrestrial environment, wild mammals (Beran, 1981; Davies .., 1981) or birds (Davies .., 1971) is very incomplete. More is known about a handful of viruses associated with economic loss in domesticated livestock (Gibbs, 1981) but, even with these, data on occurrence are liable to be affected by under-reporting because of

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STING

Strategies of virus maintenance in communities,maintenance within populations or communities. Even though perennation and maintenance phenomena are often intimately related, there is an understandable tendency for the overt disease to attract more attention than the silent infection that might have been its source. Virological knowledge has deve

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Conclusion,ble that the diversity and sophistication of those viruses about which much is known have had only brief evolutionary histories. Nucleic acid fits the description ‘selfish’ and, having the capacity to replicate for maintenance at rates somewhat faster than that of host chromosomal DNA, it is not har