Titlebook: Radiologic Diagnosis of Chest Disease; Miriam Sperber (Professor of Radiology, Director) Book 19901st edition Springer-Verlag New York Inc

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Book 19901st editionrber and her contributors expertly facilitate understanding of the fundamentals of pulmonary disorders and promote a realistic and appropriate use of the exciting new diagnostic modalities. Methodologies of choosing techniques are also discussed. The first section of the book reviews the application

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encyclopedia

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Conventional Chest Radiography5). A high-kilovoltage technique enhances the visibility of the lungs by reducing the contrast of the bony thorax and also has the advantage of better penetration of the mediastinum (4,6). For proper visualization of the mediastinum an additional penetrated film is often required (Fig. 3.1).

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Computed Tomography of the Thorax: Lungs and Mediastinumaphy, by its ability to identify abnormalities not only as changes in anatomic form but also as differences in radiographic contrast, therefore enabling a separate visualization of various body tissues.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thoraxlaced in a strong, uniform magnetic field. This field is produced in most cases by a superconducting magnet that operates at a field strength ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 Tesla. Liquid cryogens are used in connection with this type of magnet, helium for cooling purposes and nitrogen as a thermal cover.

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Conventional and Digital Subtraction Angiographyysis (3) and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae (4) by selective catheter embolization. Angiography is also useful in the planning and follow-up of surgical procedures in conditions such as dissecting aortic aneurysm (5,6) bronchial carcinoma (7), and bullous emphysema (8).

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Bronchoalveolar and Serum Markers of Lung Diseaseon on both cellular and soluble components of the epithelial lining fluid. The morbidity of the bronchoalveolar lavage is minimal, mostly related to the bronchoscopy procedure, and consists essentially of fever (1 to 2% of cases), easily controlled with antipyretic drugs in most instances. Rarely infection and bleeding occur (3,4).

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