Titlebook: Parkinson‘s Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction; Ronald F. Pfeiffer,Ivan Bodis-Wollner Book 20051st edition Humana Press 2005 Anxiety.Apathy.

Asymptomatic

Dysphagiamptomatic in PD, a detailed clinical and radiological examination of patients with symptomatic dysphagia typically identifies multiple abnormalities in each phase of ingestion. Dysphagia treatment options are discussed, but there is inconsistent benefit from medications and no documented evidence fo

botany

Gastric Dysfunction enteric nervous systems. Impairment of gastric motility has been found in 70% of patients with PD. Neuropathological changes have been described in patients with PD in all parts of the nervous system responsible for gastric motility. Gastric motor dysfunction (delayed gastric emptying [GE]) is usua

habitat

SOBER

淡紫色花

arrhythmic

Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunctionolerance from orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension in PD has been thought to be a side effect of treatment with levodopa. However, recent studies have shown that virtually all patients with PD and orthostatic hypotension, regardless of levodopa treatment, have abnormal blood pressure res