Titlebook: Osteoporosis; A Clinical Casebook Natalie E. Cusano Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to S

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Osteoporosis in Men,valuation of osteoporosis in men requires bone mineral density as well as laboratory testing for secondary osteoporosis, particularly in younger men. There is some overlap between what might be called a risk factor for primary osteoporosis and a secondary cause. The patient was treated with zoledron

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Osteoporosis in the Elderly,one density to include evaluation for sarcopenia, frailty, and falls. In addition, investigating comorbid conditions and risk factors provides significant insights into the musculoskeletal consequences of aging. Therefore, the management plan to reduce the risk of future fractures should include pra

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,Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD),d hormone (PTH). As kidney disease progresses, chronic hyperphosphatemia, elevated parathyroid hormone and fibroblast grown factor-23, low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, hypocalcemia, and metabolic acidosis can collectively result in disordered bone turnover and vascular calcifications. The term chronic k

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Antiresorptive Therapy for Osteoporosis,selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and promote osteoclast apoptosis. They are available as oral and intravenous formulations with variable dosing. They are generally the first-line treatment option for postmenopausal osteoporosis and

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Adverse Effects of Antiresorptive Therapy,most common cause of oral bisphosphonate discontinuation, and acute phase reactions are the most common adverse effect of IV bisphosphonate therapy. Popular press articles and social media often mischaracterize the prevalence of extremely rare bisphosphonate side effects like osteonecrosis of the ja

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PTH and PTHrP Analogs,ture. Osteoanabolic therapy has been approved for use for patients at high risk for fracture and for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Patients at high risk for fracture include those who have experienced an osteoporotic fracture, patients with very low T-scores, and patients with multiple risk f

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Sclerostin Inhibition,for osteoporosis. One of these newer therapeutic approaches takes advantage of an endogenous inhibitor of a major anabolic pathway of bone. The anabolic pathway known as Wnt is regulated by sclerostin. The Inhibition of sclerostin facilitates this pathway leading to an increase in bone mass. Specifi

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Osteoporosis Treatment Success and Failure,, increase bone strength, and reduce but not eliminate the risk of fractures. The occurrence of a fracture in treated patients is undesirable, but not necessarily failure of treatment. However, a fracture on treatment suggests that fracture risk is higher than previously estimated, warranting evalua