Titlebook: Origin of Cosmic Rays; Giancarlo Setti,Gianfranco Spada,Arnold W. Wolfend Book 1981 International Astronomical Union 1981 active galactic

confide

,The Charge and Isotopic Composition of Z ≥ 10 Nuclei in the Cosmic Ray Source,se as well as the semi empirical parameters used for the unmeasured cross sections is no better than ± 10–15%. As a result the actual source abundances of these nuclei can only be deduced to an accuracy of ± 2–3% of the Fe abundance.

出汗

Supernova and Cosmic Rays,sars and probably black holes, control the structure of the interstellar medium, may be responsible for the birth of new stars (and possibly our own solar system), and, of greatest concern in this paper, are involved either directly or indirectly in the origin of the galactic cosmic rays.

誓言

On the Detection of Heavy Primaries Above 1014 eV,dy of hadronic interactions above 10. eV. A recent EAS experiment (Goodman et al., 1979) suggests the possibility that the spectrum becomes increasingly rich in heavy nuclei as the total energy per nucleus approaches 10. eV. Above that energy the overall spectrum steepens and the question of composition is almost completely open.

SSRIS

投射

Review of Cosmic Rays,should not be surprised that the origin of this radiation and its behavior is likely to involve a variety of different physical phenomena. Also, the spectrum of cosmic rays has two dimensions, one in energy, and one in the species of the particles.

Alienated

Isotopes in Galactic Cosmic Rays,ven three different nucleosynthesis mechanisms are required to account for the species .Fe, .Fe, .Fe. For carbon, nitrogen and oxygen the problem is that the spallation corrections are large compared to the solar system ratios but nevertheless the present upper limits are not in contradiction with the solar system ratios (fig. 1).

notification

What Can We Learn about Cosmic Rays from the UV, Optical, Radio and X-ray Observations of Supernova1979c was followed quite intensively in the optical and UV (with IUE) regions of the spectrum as well as observed at radio and X-ray frequencies. A detailed account of these observations is in press (Panagia et al. 1980). Here we summarize only very briefly the results relevant to the present discussion.

obsession

Panther

Very High Energy Cosmic Rays,ropy appearing to be correlated with features of the spectrum. Detailed interpretation of this information awaits conclusive evidence regarding the composition of these cosmic rays. New results and prospective new results on the composition are described and discussed.

無目標(biāo)

Features of the High Energy Electron Spectrum,including the recent exposure at Palestine, Texas in May 1980, and it is now quite possible to extend observations of the electron spectrum into the TeV region with reliable accuracy in the next few years.