Titlebook: Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism 2; Physiological Basis Arno Villringer,Ulrich Dirnagl Book 1997 The Editor(s) (if applica

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Towards Brain Mapping Combining Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and High Resolution 3D MRIss hemodynamic response induced by functional brain activation (Hoshi et al. 1993, Villringer et al. 1993, Obrig et al. 1995, Kato et al. 1993, Meek et al. 1995), The high temporal resolution and the ability to assess several oxygenation parameters simultaneously provides information about temporal

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Book 1997ts. In simultaneous studies, near-infrared spec- troscopy measurements are directly compared to other functional methods, especially PET and fMRI and examples are given for new applications of the NIRS-method. Based on re- sults obtained with optical methods and other functional techniques the lates

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0065-2598 fMRI and examples are given for new applications of the NIRS-method. Based on re- sults obtained with optical methods and other functional techniques the lates978-1-4899-0058-6978-1-4899-0056-2Series ISSN 0065-2598 Series E-ISSN 2214-8019

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Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism 2Physiological Basis

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Functional Neuroimagingift. In this article, it is reviewed how these different types of light-tissue interactions can be measured and how these measurements can be related to brain function. Based on these considerations, a new classification scheme of functional optical methods is proposed.

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Is There a Different Type of MR-Contrast in the Early Phase of Functional Activation?ase in the oxyhemoglobin concentration of the activated areas, which can be observed by susceptibility sensitive MR imaging techniques such as echo planar imaging (2) or gradient echo imaging with long echo times (3).

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Signal Sources in PETnly tracer amounts of indicator substances are used, not only blood flow and energy metabolism can be measured, but also neurotransmitter synthesis (e.g., dopa decarboxylase activity with .F-6-fluoro-L-dopa) and neuroreceptor binding capacity (many tracers, most frequently labeled with .F or .C have