Titlebook: Operational Research and Systems; The Systemic Nature Paul Keys Book 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1991 international rela

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Beyond Hard Systems Thinkingogies are required which are able to overcome the restrictions present in the hard systems methodologies. It is the purpose of this chapter to present an overview of some systems-based approaches which can operate outside the boundaries of hard systems thinking.

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Operational Research and Systems Thinkingmitations on the effective use of such methodologies, which arise from the fundamental assumptions of hard systems thinking. The starting point for this analysis is to consider what hard systems thinking involves.

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