Titlebook: Mechanical Ventilation in Emergency Medicine; Susan R. Wilcox,Ani Aydin,Evie G. Marcolini Book 2022Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applic

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Specific Circumstances: Asthma and COPD,re at risk for air trapping, manifesting an increased autoPEEP, which can lead to decreased venous return and hemodynamic instability. These patients require sufficient time to exhale, which can be achieved with low respiratory rates, low inspiratory to expiratory ratios (I:E ratios), low inspirator

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Specific Circumstances: Neurologic Injury,jury. The goals for patients with neurologic injury are to maintain normoxia and eucapnia, with particular emphasis on avoiding hypocapnia, hypoxemia, and hyperoxia. Guidelines recommend targeting a normal PaCO. of 35–40, and frequent monitoring is very important in this patient population.

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Troubleshooting the Ventilated Patient, Pressure alarms on the ventilator should be treated as a pre-code situation, as inability to appropriate triage and work out these alarms can result in respiratory and hemodynamic compromise or collapse..The differential for the low-pressure alarm includes a break in the circuity, anywhere from the

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blood vessels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have long been recognized as double-edged swords in biological systems. Maintaining balanced levels of metabolic ROS through diverse physiological pathways contributes to cellular homeostasis. Disruption of this balance, resulting from either overproducti

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