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Why Feed in Flocks, asked about the evolution of behaviour in any particular context: How many types of prey should a predator take? How many conspecifics should it associate with? How long should a male court a female before attempting to copulate? The answers are couched in terms of changes in the animal’s reproduct

一再遛

Choosing Where to Feed: Choice within Fields,ter in that area at any given time (e.g. Barnard 1980b). In the last chapter, we saw that gulls and plovers prefer to feed in old pasture, where earthworms are most abundant. Choice of field on the basis of worm availability is a response to patchiness at one level. As we have seen, however, differe

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98669-2ter in that area at any given time (e.g. Barnard 1980b). In the last chapter, we saw that gulls and plovers prefer to feed in old pasture, where earthworms are most abundant. Choice of field on the basis of worm availability is a response to patchiness at one level. As we have seen, however, differe

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Women Leaders in the UK by Judith Baxter,cts of flocking may allow birds to spend less time scanning for predators and thus more time doing other things. The relationship between flocking and time budgeting has been especially well studied in single-species flocks (e.g. Lazarus 1972, 1978, Powell 1974, Caraco 1979a,b, Caraco .. 1980a,b, Ba

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Basic Rules for the Use of Visual Resources,udgeting, especially with regard to vigilance, is grouping behaviour (see Chapters 1 and 6, also Barnard 1985). The relationships between grouping behaviour, scanning and responsiveness to alarm stimuli, however, are not necessarily straightforward.

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Why Feed in Flocks,y, social behaviour and predation. That a study of the former can lead to conclusions about the latter is a reflection of the recent, dramatic increase in our understanding of the evolution of animal behaviour, an increase which stems from an integration of ideas from population biology, evolutionar

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