Titlebook: Epigenetics in Biological Communication; Guenther Witzany Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licen

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Potential Contribution of Retrotransposons to Learning and Memory,Increasing evidence indicates that insertion of transposable elements, particularly retrotransposons, may play a critical role in learning and memory. Here, I review the evidence that retrotransposition is triggered in neurons by learning-related events and discuss the implications of this phenomenon for understanding how memory is encoded.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10811-5eps of development from caterpillars to the most beautiful butterflies? A mystery prevalent in the twentieth century concerned the storage of the complete genetic information of an organism in the DNA of its every cell. How and why do so many different cell types develop throughout the lives of orga

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-9611-0he myriad of architecturally sculpted and intricately connected bones, muscles and organs. The spatiotemporal control of this developmental symphony resides in genetic loci termed enhancers, of which ~1 million exist in the human genome. Enhancers have long been thought to act as sites for the bindi

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Missile Guidance and Control Systemse endogenous dsRNA from repetitive sequences and antisense transcription in the nucleus as well as bi-directional transcription of the mitochondrial genome. Under physiological conditions, dsRNA is prevented from entering the cytoplasm, though in situations of disease or stress these barriers may be

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4018-5tudies have shown that RNA modifications not only affect different aspects of RNA fate, but also regulate many processes in brain development, behaviour, stress response, and the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. In this Chapter, we review the current findings on epitranscriptomic modificat

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Missing Data and Small-Area Estimationpostnatal phases "shape" or "programme" the formation of an individual‘s functional phenotype. Exposure to suboptimal nutritional conditions, substance abuse or maternal stress and infections may have a negative impact on development and thus increase the risk for different diseases and disorders at