Titlebook: Endoscopic Procedures on the Spine; Jin-Sung Kim,Jun Ho Lee,Yong Ahn Book 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 endoscopic procedur

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Modified Endoscopic Access for Migrated and Foraminal/Extraforaminal Disc Herniationbe removed with the outside or outside-in techniques from L1-2 to L4-5. High-grade down HDs can be removed using the outside technique with additional foraminoplasty. Low-grade up/down HDs with disc space continuity can be removed using the inside-out technique. Without continuity, the outside techn

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Neural Foramen Decompression Using Transforaminal Access radiofrequency (soft decompression). The clinical outcomes were comparable to those of conventional open foraminotomy with benefits of minimal tissue trauma and less complications. PELF technique will become more practical and popular with technical advancement in surgical instruments and optics in

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Anatomical Considerationsthe accuracy of surgery and reducing the operative complications. A detailed description of the anatomy related to transforaminal approach and interlaminar approach will facilitate the understanding of the safety anatomy of the two surgical approaches and will help readers master the technical points of these two surgical approaches.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-83954-1endoscopic discectomy offers the advantage of minimal tissue dissection and removal, good visualization of the disc space, and an angle of approach that eliminates the need to retract the spinal cord. This technique maximizes disc removal while minimizing risk.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24549-8endoscopic discectomy offers the advantage of minimal tissue dissection and removal, good visualization of the disc space, and an angle of approach that eliminates the need to retract the spinal cord. This technique maximizes disc removal while minimizing risk.

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Concurrency, Cursors, and Transactions,ications and surgical techniques for the treatment of discopenic low back pain, chronic facet joint pain, and lumbar instability are also briefly introduced. The use of percutaneous endoscopic surgical techniques for the treatment of lumbar fractures, osteoid osteomas and other diseases is also forward-looking.

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Vorbereitungen zur Datenanalyse,parable to those of conventional open surgery with benefits of minimally invasive spine surgery. Ventral PECD technique will become more practical and safer with technical advancement in surgical instruments and optics in the near future.