Titlebook: Economic Challenges of Pension Systems; A Sustainability and Marta Peris-Ortiz,José álvarez-García,Pierre Devol Book 2020 Springer Nature S

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Equity of Public Pension System, with the aim of using the terms in a proper manner. More specifically, we have observed at least five meanings for the notion of fairness when applying to a pension system: justice, equity, neutrality, solidarity and integrity. We explain each sense of fairness and other related concepts. We also p

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Adequacy of Public Pension Systems,ain challenges for governments and policymakers is to enable people to smooth consumption over the life cycle in an appropriate scale. This implies that pensions must be sufficient to prevent poverty and social exclusion, or even to provide enough income allowing to maintain the previous standard of

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Longevity Insurance Benefits for Social Security: International Experience,ed. In high-income countries, that would mean that these annuities would start for people in their early 80s, but when social security programs were starting in many countries, the age at which longevity insurance annuities would start was substantially younger. Originally, public pension programs i

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