Titlebook: Atlas of Lacrimal Drainage Disorders; Mohammad Javed Ali Book 20181st edition Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 Primary External Dac

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The Lacrimal Drainage Anatomy,y the respective lacrimal crests [1–5]. Anterior lacrimal crest is a bony projection of the frontal process of maxilla and continues inferiorly as the inferior orbital margin, whereas posterior lacrimal crest is a projection of the lacrimal bone and ends inferiorly by curving as a small hook. The bo

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Nasal Endoscopic Setup,stants is as important as the instruments for an overall great setup. The major requirement is obviously a good endoscopic system, preferably a high-definition one for desirable surgical experiences [1–5]. For a transnasal endoscopic lacrimal surgery, a limited functional endoscopic sinus surgery se

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Evaluation of Epiphora,outflow pathway, others like eyelid and adnexal disorders and corneal and ocular surface pathology can also manifest as watering. In this context, it is important to distinguish between the terms epiphora and pseudoepiphora or hyperlacrimation [1–3]. True epiphora refers to watering due to obstructi

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Normal Endoscopic Anatomy,m the normal and pathologies but prepares the ground for transnasal surgical interventions. The nares or nostrils are the two openings into the nasal cavity [1]. The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into two sides. The nasal septum comprises cartilage anteriorly (quadrilateral/septal cartilage)

Hypopnea

Nasal Anatomy Using Realistic Anatomical Models,ng any surgical procedures; however, the maneuvering of instruments by inexperienced surgeons can be dangerous in the nasal cavity owing to its complex structure and relationship to crucial anatomical landmarks [1–3]. The most common mode of training is in the operating room where the inexperienced

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Normal Dacryoendoscopy,5]. It is gaining firm ground and increasing popularity for expanding indications in lacrimal disorders, thus having many diagnostic and potential therapeutic implications [1–5]. The dacryoendoscope has a thin, rigid fiber endoscope and a side port on the handpiece. The rigid fiber endoscope is atta

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Vulnerary