Titlebook: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi; Methods and Protocol Nuria Ferrol,Luisa Lanfranco Book 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Spr

Gratuitous

史前

Functional Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Genes in Yeast, this purpose. Here we present the yeast methods required for the functional analysis of AM fungal genes, including protocols for yeast transformation, heterologous gene expression, functional complementation assays, preparation of yeast extracts, and subcellular localization of the encoded protein.

Antigen

誘拐

Application of Virus-Induced Gene Silencing to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, of . with these viral RNAs results in reconstitution of the virus in the plant, which triggers silencing of the fungal gene. Here, we describe not only the methods but also several tips for successful application of virus-induced gene silencing to AM fungi.

CLAM

Isolation and Culture of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Field Samples,t techniques to isolate and produce large-scale arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-based inoculum, being soil, inert substrate, and in vitro culture techniques among the most used by different biofertilizer producers. This chapter describes an active operating method to isolate and produce large-scale fun

低能兒

漂白

Histochemical Staining and Quantification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization, Here we describe a standardized method for staining of AMF in colonized roots, and we provide possible modifications to adjust the protocol according to particular requirements, such as the type of root material or the reduction of toxic products. In addition, we also summarize some of the most com

Thyroid-Gland

Fluorescent Staining of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Structures Using Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) and Protercellular and intracellular spaces, leading to the coexistence of diverse intraradical structures, such as hyphae, coils, arbuscules, and vesicles. In addition, the relative abundance of intercellular and intracellular fungal structures is highly dependent on root anatomy and the combination of pl

影響

Visualization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Extraradical Hyphae and Spores Vitality and Activityd water uptake and as propagules that allow the perpetuation of the AM symbiosis over time, respectively. However, the attention of scientific literature is usually more focused on root colonization than on the study of the extraradical components of AM fungi, especially their vital, active, or func

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